膜结构是20世纪初期出现的一种空间结构形式，因其丰富的建筑造型和独特的力学性能为广大工程师和研究人员所关注，并不断应用于诸多空间结构体系中。作为膜结构代表形式之一的充气膜结构，与传统结构相比，尽管具有一些天然的缺陷，但随着科学技术的不断进步，开发者的努力创新，以及新型充气膜结构体系的不断涌现，其在特定领域内的优势愈发明显。随着国内经济发展的不断深化，可以预见，充气膜结构将在我国得到迅速的发展。 本文在现有充气膜结构研究的基础上，提出了气肋框架式充气膜结构这一新的结构体系，较好地满足了气肋式充气膜结构对机动性能的需求，并通过荷载试验论证了其整体空间作用，结合有限元数值模拟分析了相关的力学特性；针对国际市场中气膜钢筋混凝土壳体结构相关技术的封锁，本文对其中的气膜模板体系进行了试验研究与理论分析，总结了相关结构力学特性，并结合实际工况提出了考虑膜内应力下降对膜材模量影响的材料模型。研究取得了一定的成果，并成功地应用于指导实际工程，结果显示： (1)P类膜材双轴拉伸试验的应力—应变循环曲线表明，当应力处于下降通道时，膜材模量会随之减小，依此建立的P类膜材本构模型可以考虑膜内应力减小对其模量的影响。聚氨酯材料力学性能测试的结果表明，气膜模板中聚氨酯层的密度会随着膜内气压的增大而增大，材料的力学性能会随着密度的不同而发生变化。 (2)针对气肋拱的荷载试验及参数化分析的结果表明，气肋拱的竖向极限承载力与膜内气压近似呈线性相关，与气管管径近似呈二次方的非线性相关。提出了由气肋梁和气肋拱组成的类框架式的充气膜结构，称为气肋框架式充气膜结构。竖向加载和水平加载试验结果表明，气肋拱为结构中最主要的承载构件；气肋梁不仅可以传递轴向拉力，还可以传递轴向压力、剪力和弯矩，使得这种新结构体系具备整体空间作用。数值模拟和试验观测一致性较好，针对充气膜结构体系开发的有限元程序计算高效性突出。 (3)设计并制作了气膜模板试验模型。喷涂聚氨酯前气承式充气膜模型竖向加载试验与数值模拟的对比证明了本文提出的P类膜材本构模型的合理性。喷涂聚氨酯前后模型荷载试验的结果表明，内侧喷涂的聚氨酯层能够提升气膜模板的刚度和强度，有利于控制施工变形。气膜钢筋混凝土壳体结构的分析设计中应包含混凝土分层喷射的方案，并在施工过程中严格执行。 关键词：气肋式充气膜结构，气膜模板，材料模型，竖向加载，水平加载，非线性有限元。

 Fabric structures have attracted the attention of engineers and researchers due to their rich architectural appearance and unique mechanical properties, and have been continuously applied in many spatial structural system. As one of the representative forms of fabric structure, the inflatable fabric structure has some natural defects compared with the traditional structure, but its advantages in specific fields are more and more obvious with the continuous progress of technic, the innovation of developers and the emergence of new structure system. The inflatable fabric structure is looking forward to develop rapidly in China with the deepening development of economy. In this paper, a new inflated fabric structure system, air-inflated frame structure, is proposed on the basis of existing researches, which satisfies the requirement of mobility. Furthermore, load tests are carried out to demonstrate its overall spatial action and numerical simulation is used to analyze its mechanical characteristics. In addition, test and analysis work related to air inflated form in reinforced concrete structures using inflated forms is carried out because of the technical monopoly abroad. Mechanical properties of the inflated form are summmerized and a material model of PVC-coated fabric considering the influence of decreasing stress on modulus is proposed. Some results have been obtained and applied to practical engineering successfully, as shown below: (1)The stress-strain cycle curve of the biaxial tensile test shows that the modulus of PVC-coated fabric will decrease when the stress is decreasing. Therefore, a modified material model established by improving the conventional material models can consider the influence of change of warp/fill stress ratio and decrease of stress on moduli. Results of material mechanical properties test show that density of polyurethane layer in the inflatable fabric formwork will increase with the increase of inner pressure, and material properties will change with the increase of density. (2)Results of load tests and parametric analysis show that vertical ultimate bearing capacity of air-inflated arch is linearly related to inner pressure and non-linearly related to pipe diameter. A frame-like air-inflated fabric structure consisting of air-inflated beams and air-inflated arches, called air-inflated fabric frame, is proposed. Observision of vertical loading tests and horizontal loading tests show that: a) the air-inflated arch is main bearing member in the structure; b) the air-inflated beam can not only transfer axial tension, but also axial pressure, shear force and bending moment, so that the new structure system has overall spatial capability; c) the binding between the air-inflated support beam and the ground should be emphasized in practical engineering. The numerical simulation and experimental observation are in good agreement, and the finite element program developed for the inflatable fabric structure system is quite effective. (3)Load tests of air inflated form and corresponding air supported fabric structure is presented. A comparison between vertical loading test and numerical simulation of the air supported fabric structure proves the applicability of the modified material model. A comparison of loading tests between the two models shows that the polyurethane layer can improve the stiffness and strength of the air inflated form and is conductive to the control of construction deformation. Analysis and design of the reinforced concrete structures using inflated forms should include the part about concrete layered spraying, which should be strictly implemented in the construction process. Keywords: Air-inflated fabric frame, Inflated form, Material model, Vertical loading, Horizontal loading, Nonlinear finite element.