作为托卡马克装置内部的重要部件之一，偏滤器在强磁场环境中承受着高温等离子体的能量和高能粒子的冲击，是能量和粒子排出装置真空室的关键通道，同时还起到控制等离子体杂质的重要作用。 在托卡马克装置运行的过程中，直接面向等离子体的偏滤器靶板在巨大的电磁载荷和热载荷作用下，呈现出多种失效模式，将会阻碍等离子体实验的正常进行，甚至损坏装置主机。因此，开展EAST装置偏滤器靶板的可靠性研究具有十分重要的意义。 通过阐述能源利用的现状，引入了受控核聚变和托卡马克装置研究的相关内容，描述了偏滤器的发展。随后，展示了可靠性研究的历程，介绍了广义概念下可靠性的相关内容，并给出了目前主流的可靠性研究方法。 根据对EAST装置偏滤器靶板可靠性的相关调研，总结了偏滤器靶板以材料的失效和功能的失效为主的一系列失效模式，分析了偏滤器靶板失效模式的原因，并统计了EAST装置下偏滤器靶板失效模式的相关数据和分布。 基于最大期望值算法，对Halo电流在EAST装置上偏滤器靶板的峰值分布进行建模，构建了Halo电流峰值分布的高斯混合模型。依据上偏滤器靶板的等效结构以及设计参数，得到了上偏滤器靶板结构的极限状态方程。在此基础上，利用蒙特卡罗方法计算了EAST装置上偏滤器靶板的失效概率与可靠概率，结果显示了Halo电流作用下上偏滤器靶板结构极高的安全裕度。最后，根据实验运行中EAST装置上偏滤器靶板的现状，对计算得到的Halo电流作用下上偏滤器靶板的结构可靠度进行了分析。 利用IDEF∅方法，对EAST装置下偏滤器靶板自上而下从主要功能到基本功能进行了功能分析。依据失效模式的发生频率等级和严重程度等级，应用可靠性参数的估计，定性和定量评估了下偏滤器靶板的失效模式，并根据失效模式的风险水平，提出了EAST装置下偏滤器靶板风险缓解措施的建议。在此基础上，利用BlockSim软件计算了下偏滤器靶板初始和期望的可靠性与可用性。结果表明，采取风险缓解措施后，EAST装置下偏滤器靶板的期望可靠性与可用性相比初始可靠性与可用性均有所提高。最后，基于实验运行中EAST装置下偏滤器靶板的现状，对计算得到的EAST装置下偏滤器靶板的可靠性与可用性进行了分析。 EAST装置偏滤器可靠性研究的相关工作还处于发展阶段，通过已经完成的工作，能够为EAST装置偏滤器的升级与改造提供依据，并为未来的聚变反应堆提供参考。 关键词：EAST装置 偏滤器 靶板 可靠性

 As one of the important parts in Tokamak, the divertor bears energy impact and particles bombardment under strong magnetic fields, which is the energy and particles channel out of the vacuum and also has the role of controlling impurity. During the operation of Tokamak, the plasma facing divertor targets, under great thermal loads and electromagnetic loads, encounter various failure modes which are likely to cause standstill of the plasma test, even cause damage to the machine. Therefore, it is necessary to research on reliability of EAST divertor targets. By describing the current situation of energy utilization, controlled nuclear fusion and Tokamak are introduced, in addition to development process of the divertor. Then, research history of reliability and general concept of reliability are described, and current mainstream research approaches are given. Failure modes of divertor targets, which consist of failures due to material and function, are summarized based on the survey of reliability of EAST divertor targets, and there is analysis of causes of divertor targets failure modes. Taking EAST lower divertor as an example, statistics and distribution of divertor targets failure modes are shown. After setting up the Gaussian Mixture Model of Halo currents peak distribution through EAST upper divertor targets, the failure probability and reliability probability of upper divertor targets are calculated using the Exception Maximization Algorithm, which is integrated with the Limit State Function derived from the equivalent model and design parameters of upper divertor targets, and the results show upper divertor targets have extremely high reliability under Halo currents. On basis of the current status of operation of EAST upper divertor targets, the calculated results of structural reliability are analyzed. Using IDEF∅ method, the functional analysis of EAST lower divertor targets is carried out in the bottom-up way. Based on the scale for occurrence and severity of failure modes, the parameter estimation of reliability is proposed, and failure modes of lower divertor targets are qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Risk mitigation actions are taken according to the risk scale of different failure modes. On this foundation, the initial and expected reliability and availability of lower divertor targets are calculated using the BlockSim code. Compared with the initial availability and reliability, the expected reliability and availability of EAST lower divertor targets are improved. On basis of the current status of operation of EAST lower divertor targets, the calculated result of reliability and availability is analyzed. Research on reliability of EAST divertor is in a development stage, and the work already been completed in this dissertation is able to provide the reference for the coming upgrade of EAST divertor and the fusion reactor in the future. Key Words: EAST Divertor Targets Reliability