伴随着经济全球化的不断发展，国际垂直分工模式对于世界产业格局和竞争环境的改变亦愈发深刻。供应链联盟之间的竞争逐渐取代单个企业之间的竞争，供应链成本分配亦随之得到了越来越多的关注。然而供应链联盟成员企业之间由于成本分配不当而导致合作失败的例子屡见不鲜，供应链联盟的稳定性问题日渐凸显。与此同时，由于目前理论界多从静态和短视的角度对于供应链联盟的稳定性进行研究，使得供应链成本分配缺少长视性和动态性的考虑，难以维持供应链联盟的长久稳定，因此供应链联盟成本分配的动态稳定性成为亟待解决的问题。 针对上述供应链联盟中存在的实际问题以及相关学术研究中存在的一些不足，基于国际垂直分工模式背景和动态稳定性视角，本论文构建了供应链成本分配动态稳定性四维框架，从环境基础、核心动力、约束条件和调节手段四个角度研究了不同情境下供应链成本分配的动态稳定性规律。在此基础上，本论文着重研究了：(1)横向供应链研发联盟的动态稳定性(环境基础)，分别研究了研发卡特尔、研发竞争联合体和综合联盟下成员企业的均衡策略和联盟组合的动态稳定性；(2)考虑成员偏好的纵向供应链研发联盟动态稳定性(核心动力)，分别从长视和短视视角研究了二级供应链联盟的动态稳定性；(3)考虑成员位置的纵向供应链研发联盟动态稳定性(约束条件)，分别研究了处于供应链联盟中心位置和边缘位置的成员企业均衡策略，以及对供应链联盟动态稳定性的影响；(4)供应链研发联盟动态稳定性中的管理控制(协调手段)，采用结构方程实证研究供应链研发联盟的管理控制对于其动态稳定性的影响，以此作为保障供应链成本分配动态稳定性战略顺利实施的重要手段。 本论文的创新之处主要有：(1)指出供应链成本分配需以动态稳定性为标准，否则会导致供应链联盟的瓦解。构建了供应链成本分配动态稳定性的四维研究框架，发掘并证明隐含在供应链成本分配背后的动态稳定性特质，补充和完善了供应链成本分配理论体系；(2)指出横向研发联盟成员需要从远视角度看待联盟合作与成本分配，对横向研发联盟的类型进行细分并提出了相应的动态稳定性联盟结构，为研发实践提供了理论指导，亦使供应链成本分配稳定性的研究具象化，实践化；(3)指出供应链成员企业的偏好及其所处的位置会显著影响成本收益以及相应的联盟动态稳定性，且供应链成本分配应兼顾激励与稳定特征，既突出了制造业垂直分工时代供应链异质性的特点，又丰富了供应链成本分配的研究范式；(4)提出供应链上各企业间的管理控制对于供应链动态稳定性也有促进作用，将组织间管理控制引入供应链动态稳定性研究，既拓展了供应链动态稳定性研究的理论体系，也丰富了供应链运营的实践意义。 关键词：供应链成本；成本分配；动态稳定性；供给决策；分配决策

 In recent years, world industrial structure and competitive environment have been changed by economic globalization and international vertical specialization. Competitions among enterprises develop into competitions among supply chains. It results in more attention on supply chain cost allocation. However, it is common to see the fail of supply chain cooperation because of the inappropriate cost allocation. The stability of supply chain alliance is drawing more and more attention in theory and practice. At the same time, most of the researchers study supply chain stability from the static and myopic perspective and neglect the far-sighted and dynamic aspect. It results that the supply chain cannot maintain stability in the long run. Thus the dynamic stability of supply chain cost allocation becomes a serious problem to be solved. For these shortcomings of supply chain alliance in both theory and practice, based on the international vertical specialization and dynamic stability perspective, this paper forms a 4-dimension framework to study the dynamic stability of supply chain cost allocation. It studies the regulation of dynamic stability of supply chain cost allocation in the aspects of basic environment, core power, constraint condition and adjustment method. According to these analyses, this paper mainly studies: (1) the dynamic stability of horizontal supply chain R&D alliance (basic environment). It studies the equilibrium strategies and dynamic stability of R&D cartel, research joint venture and comprehensive alliance; (2) the dynamic stability of vertical supply chain R&D alliance considering members' preference (core power). It studies the dynamic stability of a two-echelon supply chain in the far-sighted and myopic aspects; (3) the dynamic stability of vertical supply chain R&D alliance considering members' position (constraint condition). It studies the equilibrium strategies of members in the core and marginal position and their influences on dynamic stability of supply chain R&D alliance; (4) the management controls in dynamic stability of supply chain R&D alliance (adjustment method). It studies the influence of inter-organizational management controls on dynamic stability of supply chain R&D alliance using structural equation model. These controls are important methods to guarantee the implementation of dynamic stability strategy of supply chain cost allocation. The contributions of this paper include: (1) It indicates that the supply chain cost allocation needs to consider dynamic stability as the guide. Otherwise the supply chain alliance may be collapsed. It forms the 4-dimension researching framework and finds the internal logic of dynamic stability of supply chain cost allocation. Thus the shortcomings of theoretical system of supply chain cost allocation may be improved; (2) It implies that members in horizontal supply chain R&D alliance need to consider cooperation and cost allocation in the far-sighted aspect. The dynamic stability alliance structures are indicated according to different alliance type. It provides the theoretical instruction to R&D practice and helps the research to be more specific and practical; (3)It shows that the preference and position of members in supply chain can affect their cost and dynamic stability significantly. The supply chain cost allocation need to give consideration to both incentive and stability. It not only highlights the characteristic of heterogeneous supply chain in the background of international vertical specification, but also enriches the research paradigms of supply chain cost allocation; (4) It forwards the positive effects of inter-organizational management controls on dynamic stability of supply chain. Introducing the inter-organizational management controls can enrich the research perspective of dynamic stability of supply chain. And it also provides meaningful guidance for managers of supply chain. Keywords: Supply chain cost; Cost allocation; Dynamic stability; Supply decision; Allocation decision