近年来，钙钛矿材料引起了广泛的研究兴趣，因其具有优异光电特性，如荧光波长可调，量子产率高，激射阈值低以及在电泵浦激光器方面具有巨大的潜力，为其在纳米尺度上获得高度相干光源提供了新的可能性。钙钛矿材料分为有机无机杂化钙钛矿材料和无机钙钛矿材料(CsPbX₃)。相比于已被广泛研究的有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料，无机钙钛矿材料因其良好的稳定性已成为新兴的研究热点。 本论文中，首先调控了CsPbX₃纳米材料的形貌特性，采用气-液传递结晶法，常温过饱和结晶法和热注入法等合成方法，成功合成了CsPbX₃纳米材料。并通过调节合成过程中的影响因素如摩尔比、溶剂、表面活性剂、温度、气氛等调控了CsPbX₃纳米材料的形貌及粒径；其次，以CsPbX₃纳米线为例，系统了的研究了CsPbX₃纳米线的激射行为，包括大量纳米线常温激射特性，单个纳米线常温和低温激射特性及激射量子产率；最后，为了进一步提高CsPbX₃纳米材料光辐射特性，制备了等离激元结构与CsPbX₃纳米材料的复合体系，初步研究了等离激元与CsPbX₃纳米材料的相互作用。主要研究结果如下： (1)提出了一种简单有效的策略合成CsPbX₃纳米材料，采用常温气-液传递结晶的方法，以卤化铅和卤化铯原料溶解在极性溶剂(DMF)中，另一种不溶解CsPbX₃晶体且具有挥发特性的有机溶剂(异丙醇)作为“蒸汽”来源，最终获得结晶性好的CsPbX₃纳米线。通过调节溶剂种类、蒸汽／气氛种类等能够调控CsPbX₃纳米材料形貌，得到了微米级立方块、纳米四方块、球形及椭球形纳米颗粒。 (2)通过常温过饱和结晶法成功合成了CsPbBr₃纳米材料，以卤化铅和卤化铯为反应物，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂，油酸和油胺作为表面活性剂制备前驱体溶液，以甲苯作为不良溶剂，将前躯体溶液加入不良溶剂中形成过饱和溶液析出CsPbBr₃纳米颗粒(～11 nm)。以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂时，得到边长为几百个纳米的纳米片。调节表面活性剂的量，能够得到大颗粒的四方块(～200 nm)和球形纳米颗粒(～200 nm)。 (3)以CsPbX₃纳米线为例，初步研究了系宗体系的光辐射特性，并进一步研究了其单个纳米线的激射特性。研究结果表明，CsPbX₃纳米线激光具有较好的单模特性，在常温下具有较低的激射阈值(12.33μJ／㎝²)，并且其单光子和双光子泵浦激射在低温下(液氦温度4 K)具有超低的激射阈值，分别为170 nJ／㎝²和24.7μJ／㎝²。同时，TRPL测量证明CsPbX₃纳米线具有较高的激射量子产率(～58％)，并在低温下可实现连续光泵浦的激光发射，且具有超窄的激射线宽(～0.09 nm)。此外，通过改变卤化物离子种类，可以得到波长可调的全彩激光。更重要的是CsPbX₃纳米线具有良好的稳定性，在洁净室里保存在空气中超过一年，仍能获得低阈值的单模激光，且激射阈值没有明显变化。 (4)CsPbX₃材料显示出优秀的光辐射特性，采用复合体系可进一步提高其光辐射特性。由于表面等离激元具有能把场局域并增强的特性，因此选择等离激元材料与CsPbX₃材料形成复合材料提高CsPbX₃材料的光辐射特性。首先通过调控等离激元材料的形貌和粒径，实现了对等离激元模式的调控，调控吸收共振波长为500-1300 nm。其次，采用经典的热注入法，得到CsPbBr₃量子点，通过与常温过饱和结晶法合成的CsPbBr₃量子点相比较，其具有更小粒径和更优秀的荧光性能。通过阴离子交换法调控了量子点波长(450-621 nm)。然后，采用匹配波长的纳米金颗粒与CsPbX₃纳米材料制备了耦合体系，并研究了二者之间的相互作用。研究发现，在纳米金球存在下，CsPbX₃量子点荧光得到了增强，且激射阈值有了显著的降低，其激射阈值降低了一个数量级。 关键词：CsPbX₃纳米材料；激射行为；连续光泵浦；表面等离激元；弱耦合作用

 Perovskite materials have aroused great interests in recent years due to their easily tuned emission colors, high quantum yields, ultra-low lasing threshold and great potential for electrically pumped nanolasing, which opens up new possibilities in obtaining highly coherent light sources at the nanoscale. Perovskites are generally divided into two categories: organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites and inorganic perovskites (CsPbX₃). Comparing with the widely studied organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, the inorganic perovskites (CsPbX₃) gradually become an emerging research emphasis because of their better stability. In this thesis, first of all, we regulate and control morphology of the CsPbX₃ nanomaterials. They were synthesized by gas-liquid transfer crystallization method, hot injection method and the normal temperature supersaturation crystallize method, and the crystal size and morphology were manipulated by adjusting the influence factors in the synthesis process such as molar ratio, solvent, surfactants, temperature, atmosphere and so on. Secondly, take CsPbX₃ nanowires (CsPbX₃ NWs) as an example, the lasing behaviors were systemically studied. That included lasing feature of amount of CsPbX₃ NWs, single CsPbX₃ NW and lasing quantum yields (QY) at room temperature or at tow temperature. Thirdly, in order to futher improve the optical performance, we synthesized plasmon structure/CsPbX₃ compound system, and their interactions was preliminarily investigated. The main research achievements are as following: (1)We propose a simple strategy for synthesizing CsPbX₃ nanomaterials at room temperature. We used a gas-liquid transfer crystallization method that put all the needed synthetic raw material in the widely used solvent of N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) to make the precursor solution, and the other non-solvent with volatile for CsPbX₃ crystals were selected as “steam”. CsPbX₃ NWs with good crystallization have been synthesized successfully at last. By adjusting the solvent and atmosphere to controll morphology of CsPbX₃ nanomaterials, we gained micro metre-scale cube, nano-squares, sphere and ellipsoid nanoparticles. (2)CsPbX₃ nanomaterials were synthesized successfully by the normal temperature supersaturation crystallize method. Using PbX₂ and CsX as raw materials, N,N-Dimethylformamide as solvent, oleic acid and octadecenylamine as surfactant, toluene as non-solvent, CsPbX₃ nanoparticles was synthesized through supersaturated precipitation from solution. When dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent, the large nanosheets (several hundred nanometers) were obtained. Moreover, by adjusting the surfactant, micro metre-scale particles (～200 nm) and sphere nanoparticles (～200 nm) were obtained. (3)We take CsPbX₃ nanowires (CsPbX₃ NWs) as an example, a preliminary study was carried out on the optics radiation characterizes of amount of CsPbX₃ NWs, and studies the lasing behavior of single CsPbX₃ NW further. The results indicated that the perovskite lasing is of single mode and it has a low threshold of 12.33 μJ/㎝² at room temperature, and these lasing under the single-photon-pumping and two-photon-pumping were achieved at low temperature (at liquid-helium temperature 4 K) with ultra-low threshold of 170 nJ/㎝² and 24.7 μJ/㎝², respectively. The time-resolved photo luminescence (TRPL) measurements performed on different single nanowire (NW) demonstrate a high lasing QY of～58%. More interestingly, a high quality single-mode laser with ultra-narrow linewidth of 0.09 nm can be obtained when the CsPbX₃ NWs are excited by continuous wave (CW) in low-temperature condition .Besides, the lasing wavelength can cover the visible region by changing the compound ions. Furthermore, The obtained CsPbX₃ nanowires exhibit perfect crystallization and outstanding stability, which means its lasing behaviors remain nearly the same after one year preserved in clean room. (4)CsPbX₃ materials have good performance of optical radiation, the optical radiation quality of CsPbX₃ is further improved usually through the preparation of composite system. The surface plasmon polariton have characteristics of the localized field and field enhance. Thus the surface plasmon materials was choosed to constitute composites with CsPbX₃ for manipulating the optical performance of CsPbX₃ nanomaterials. At first, the surface plasmon modes (500-1300 nm) of the gold nanoparticals were manipulated througth adjusting the size and morphology of plasmon materials. Second, CsPbBr₃ quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by classical hot injection method, these quantum dots have smaller sizes and more excellent fluorescence performance than the CsPbBr₃ QDs which are synthesized by the normal temperature supersaturation crystallize method. Besides, the emission wavelength of CsPbX₃ QDs can be manipulated in the visible region (450-621 nm) by anion exchange. Third, the wavelength matched Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) and CsPbBr₃ QDs were adopted to fabricate composite materials, and researched their interactions. The presence of Au NPs that can enhance the fluore scence of CsPbX₃ QDs, and significantly reduce the lasing threshold (the lasing threshold is about 1/10 of the original). Keywords: CsPbX₃ nano materials; Lasing behaviour; CW-pumped; Surface plasmon; Weak coupling